Nickel Hypophosphite Hexahydrate CAS 13477-97-9

Tree Chem supplies Nickel Hypophosphite Hexahydrate as a high-quality hypophosphite compound designed for electroless plating and related chemical processes. With controlled metal impurities and consistent composition, it supports stable bath performance and uniform deposition results.

The product is manufactured under controlled conditions to ensure batch-to-batch consistency. Tree Chem provides professional supply solutions for plating chemicals and industrial formulations. For specifications, samples, or procurement details, please contact info@cntreechem.com.

Specification

Basic Information

Technical Specification

Applications

Electroless Nickel Plating and Ni–P Coatings

• Nickel hypophosphite functions as both a nickel source and a hypophosphite-based reducing system component in electroless nickel–phosphorus deposition where nickel hypophosphite helps drive stable Ni–P film formation under acidic plating conditions. Nickel hypophosphite supports Ni–P codeposition where nickel hypophosphite enables phosphorus incorporation that improves corrosion resistance and coating compactness in many electroless nickel plating use cases.
• Nickel hypophosphite can be used in an electroless plating bath where nickel hypophosphite is paired with hypophosphorous acid and organic complexing acids to achieve fast deposition at elevated temperature with controlled pH. Nickel hypophosphite can reduce reliance on sulfate- and sodium-introducing feeds where nickel hypophosphite helps limit impurity accumulation that shortens bath life in conventional nickel sulfate plus sodium hypophosphite systems.
• Nickel hypophosphite supports process control strategies where nickel hypophosphite performance is linked to temperature stability, pH management, loading capacity, and the Ni²⁺ to hypophosphite molar ratio that influences deposition rate and phosphorus content. Nickel hypophosphite is used in plating lines where nickel hypophosphite bath monitoring and replenishment improve coating uniformity and reduce risks of bath decomposition when operating near typical electroless nickel temperature windows.

Electronics, PCB, and Semiconductor Manufacturing

• Nickel hypophosphite is used in PCB chemical nickel processes where nickel hypophosphite supports solderability improvement, stable conductivity, and reliable surface finishes for multilayer boards and through-hole structures. Nickel hypophosphite is selected for connector and contact plating where nickel hypophosphite helps produce consistent Ni–P barrier layers and robust electrical interfaces in electronics assemblies.
• Nickel hypophosphite is relevant in semiconductor packaging and advanced interconnect structures where nickel hypophosphite high-purity grades are needed to control trace metals that can interfere with sensitive device performance. Nickel hypophosphite is applied in high-frequency electronics where nickel hypophosphite helps enable high-phosphorus Ni–P coatings that can reduce magnetic effects and support lower insertion loss in demanding circuit environments.
• Nickel hypophosphite supports electronic-grade quality control where nickel hypophosphite specifications focus on ultra-high purity, low metal impurity limits, controlled particle size, and low moisture to protect clean manufacturing workflows. Nickel hypophosphite is handled in contamination-controlled settings where nickel hypophosphite dissolution quality and residue-free behavior matter for precision plating stability.

Metal Surface Treatment and Corrosion or Wear Protection

• Nickel hypophosphite is used in general metal surface treatment where nickel hypophosphite enables uniform nickel-containing coatings via electroplating or electroless methods for machinery, chemical equipment, and components exposed to corrosive media. Nickel hypophosphite supports protection of valves, pumps, and pipelines where nickel hypophosphite helps improve corrosion resistance and extend service life in chemical processing environments.
• Nickel hypophosphite is applied to aerospace and automotive parts where nickel hypophosphite supports coatings that address wear resistance needs and corrosion protection demands on lightweight alloys and high-performance assemblies. Nickel hypophosphite can contribute to controlled hardness and coating thickness uniformity where nickel hypophosphite process discipline helps maintain adhesion and finish consistency across mixed substrate geometries.
• Nickel hypophosphite enables specialized surface treatments where nickel hypophosphite coating properties can be tuned through bath composition and hypophosphite concentration that affects phosphorus content and resulting corrosion behavior. Nickel hypophosphite is used with filtration and impurity control where nickel hypophosphite bath cleanliness helps reduce defect risks such as porosity, dark deposits, or non-uniform thickness.

Battery Materials and Energy Storage Pathways

• Nickel hypophosphite supports battery material development routes where nickel hypophosphite can participate in nickel phosphate or nickel-containing cathode synthesis pathways and can be involved in converting spent plating baths into lithium iron phosphate-related cathode materials. Nickel hypophosphite is connected to anode research where nickel hypophosphite-derived Ni–P or nickel phosphide materials can be explored for lithium storage behavior in thin films or coated structures.
• Nickel hypophosphite contributes to battery hardware and component plating where nickel hypophosphite helps improve conductivity and corrosion resistance of terminals, connectors, and current-collection interfaces that must remain stable during cycling. Nickel hypophosphite is considered in broader energy storage applications where nickel hypophosphite-enabled coatings and nickel phosphide derivatives are investigated for electrochemical stability and long cycle performance targets.
• Nickel hypophosphite aligns with advanced battery concepts where nickel hypophosphite derivatives may be evaluated in solid-state or alternative-ion chemistries that seek higher safety and energy density. Nickel hypophosphite use in battery contexts emphasizes grade selection where nickel hypophosphite purity and particle control become more critical as electrochemical tolerances tighten.

Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Fine Chemical Synthesis

• Nickel hypophosphite is referenced as a pharmaceutical intermediate where nickel hypophosphite can be associated with nickel-enabled catalytic transformations used in building organophosphorus intermediates and complex molecule routes. Nickel hypophosphite connects to greener synthesis thinking where nickel hypophosphite-related nickel catalysis and hypophosphite chemistry can avoid more hazardous phosphorus chlorides in certain organophosphorus conversions.
• Nickel hypophosphite supports catalyst-driven reactions where nickel hypophosphite is part of an ecosystem that includes nickel catalysts enabling hydrophosphonylation, asymmetric hydrogenation, and cross-coupling strategies used to access specialized intermediates. Nickel hypophosphite in pharma-adjacent settings demands strict quality where nickel hypophosphite controls on heavy metals, particle uniformity, and contamination prevention are central to compliance expectations.
• Nickel hypophosphite handling in fine chemical production requires disciplined storage where nickel hypophosphite is kept sealed, dry, and protected from moisture and incompatible reactants to preserve reproducibility. Nickel hypophosphite use in synthesis also requires PPE and ventilation where nickel hypophosphite dust control and contact avoidance reduce occupational exposure risks.

Ceramics, Glass, and Coloring or Decorative Uses

• Nickel hypophosphite is used as a colorant-related material where nickel hypophosphite can support coloration in metals, plastics, ceramics, and glazes with stable high-temperature behavior. Nickel hypophosphite in ceramic glaze formulations can deliver distinctive color effects where nickel hypophosphite stability at firing temperatures supports consistent decorative outcomes.
• Nickel hypophosphite can be applied in glass coloring or surface treatment contexts where nickel hypophosphite contributes nickel-based coloration or functional surface attributes in certain manufacturing workflows. Nickel hypophosphite use in decorative applications still requires impurity awareness where nickel hypophosphite consistency helps avoid batch-to-batch color drift.

Environmental and Process Sustainability Considerations

• Nickel hypophosphite can reduce waste burdens where nickel hypophosphite plating baths may be managed for extended life by limiting impurity buildup that forces early disposal. Nickel hypophosphite supports circular pathways where nickel hypophosphite spent bath streams can be repurposed as inputs for battery material synthesis concepts that aim to reduce waste treatment costs.
• Nickel hypophosphite process management encourages monitoring where nickel hypophosphite concentration tracking and pH control reduce bath instability and minimize defect-driven rework that increases chemical consumption. Nickel hypophosphite supports greener manufacturing narratives where nickel hypophosphite-based systems can lower certain ionic contaminant loads compared with sulfate-heavy alternatives.

Storage & Handling

• Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area
• Protect from moisture and direct sunlight
• Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and acids
• Keep containers clearly labeled and tightly closed
• Use appropriate personal protective equipment during handling

Usage Notice

• An electroless nickel bath can use nickel hypophosphite at approximately 8.07 g/L together with hypophosphorous acid around 20 g/L, lithium acetate about 20 g/L, citric acid about 20 g/L, and maleic acid around 1.5 g/L to deposit Ni–P coatings under acidic conditions, typically operated at pH 4–5 and a temperature close to 90°C.
• A general electroless nickel–phosphorus plating system can be formulated with a nickel source in the range of about 23–30 g/L and a hypophosphite reducing agent around 28–35 g/L, combined with acetate salts and organic carboxylic acids, where nickel hypophosphite serves as the nickel contributor following similar molar balance and reduction principles.
• For PCB chemical nickel surface finishing, a plating bath may contain a nickel source at approximately 5–6.5 g/L with hypophosphite maintained at about 20–35 g/L, operating at pH 4.5–5.2 and 85–92°C, where nickel hypophosphite supports stable deposition and uniform Ni–P surface layers for electronic applications.
• In stainless steel electroless nickel plating, a formulation can include nickel salts at 20–30 g/L, hypophosphite at 20–30 g/L, complexing agents such as ammonium malate at 20–30 g/L, and trace stabilizers, typically operated under alkaline conditions at pH 8–10 and temperatures between 80–92°C, with nickel hypophosphite functioning as an alternative nickel source in hypophosphite-reduction systems.
• High-phosphorus Ni–P coatings are obtained by increasing hypophosphite availability while tightly controlling pH and temperature, targeting phosphorus contents of approximately 10–12%, where nickel hypophosphite supports the formation of non-magnetic Ni–P layers suitable for high-frequency electronic components.
• Nickel phosphide-related coating concepts can be produced through electroless Ni–P deposition routes, generating layers with typical thicknesses of about 5–20 μm and phosphorus contents in the range of 8–15%, where nickel hypophosphite provides a controlled nickel input for Ni–P generation.
• For composite anode preparation, a Ni–P layer can be deposited onto silicon substrates via electroless plating, forming Ni–P/Si structures where nickel hypophosphite contributes to the formation of uniform Ni–P coatings that enhance electrochemical stability in certain battery systems.
• In fine chemical synthesis, nickel-catalyzed H-phosphonate diester formation can be carried out using hypophosphite reagents in controlled equivalents under moderate temperatures, where nickel hypophosphite is applied as a nickel-containing input with low impurity requirements to support reproducible catalytic performance.
• Spent nickel-containing plating solutions may be processed into battery cathode precursor materials, such as lithium iron phosphate-related systems, through controlled recovery and conversion routes, where nickel hypophosphite helps define nickel incorporation and supports waste-to-value utilization strategies.

Packaging

• Fiber drum packaging with inner polyethylene liner
• Net weight: 25 kg per drum